In our reading today from Genesis 9:1-10:32, I have picked out a verse from Genesis 9:13. I grew up with the image of the rainbow as a monumental visual representation of God’s love for us after the sinfulness of man was irradiated with the flood. Yet, as I grew older, I found that Sunday School did not always provide me with the deeper image. The word we translate for “rainbow” is a Hebrew word. It is qešet. It is used in the Old Testament for the weapon used by a hunter (Genesis 27:3) and warrior (I Samuel 31:3). Simply, a bow that an arrow is shot from. It was a common weapon in the ancient Near East, The tribe of Benjamin were noted archers (Judges 20; I Chronicles 8:40). Jonathan used a bow (I Samuel 20:20) and later the bow became the weapon of leaders and kings (II Kings 9:24). The bow is controlled by God (Genesis 49:24). The arrow finds its mark because of God’s guidance (I Kings 22:34; II Kings 13-16). The broken bow can represent divinely imposed defeat (I Samuel 2:4), and/or peace (God peaceably “hangs” his bow, Genesis 9:13).
What a great thing that God does. In Genesis 9:13, he hangs up His bow. God sees the bow in the sky and remembers that He will not take such drastic measures against us again. In fact, He plans to not make war against us in the way of a watery flood but in our new covenant, He plans to save us through His Son (His ultimate plan since the origin of sin).
Source: Harris, R. L., Harris, R. L., Archer, G. L., & Waltke, B. K. (1999). Theological Wordbook of the Old Testament (electronic ed.) (819). Chicago: Moody Press.